Biologically active polymeric materials (BAPM) with prolonged activity have been created on the basis of ecologically safe, economically expedient water xanthan (XA)- and castor (CO)/xanthan-comprising ionomer polyurethanes (IPU) which are aggregatively stable, capable of water dilution, with the size of micelles 250-270 nm and water absorption up to 220%. IPUs of amorphous-crystalline structure (Xa- and CO/Xa-comprising) are characterized by increased degradability as compared to amorphous (CO- comprising) IPUs. After the 12 months of incubation the weight loss of IPU / CO12 / Xa20 due to the synergistic effect of the components is 71%, while the additive contribution of the components and their total content are equaled 43.6%, 32.0%, respectively. Changing the polyether nature and/or introduction of Xa into the IPU structure allow to reduce of adhesive effects from 1.43 to 0.20 MPa, sufficient for “sticking” of BAPM on the plant surface and to reduce the surface tension, and for formation of a non-monolithic film on plant surface, and, thus, will not interfere with the activity of the plant photosynthetic apparatus. 170
BAPM with prolonged action was obtained by chemical and physical immobilization into the IPU macrochain of the domestic polyfunctional biological product Averkom-N. After pre-sowing treatment of seeds of grain and vegetable crops with BAPM, their growth-stimulating activity was established: an increase in biomass up to 60% compared to 40% after treatment with Averkom-N; an increase of: tomatoes productivity (24%), average weight of fruits (30%), and a decrease of: plants’ damage by diseases in 5-8 times and the level of nitrates in comparison with Averkom-N. BAPM increase the productivity of agrophytocenoses, the resistibility of agricultural crops to abiotic and biotic stresses, yield, improve the quality of products, and improve the ecological state of the environment.
